At the end of 2020, the trade turnover of Ukrainian manufacturers amounted to 103 billion dollars, among which the export of domestically produced goods is 49 billion dollars, while imports account for the remaining 54 billion dollars. According to analysts, the negative trade balance does not prevent Ukrainian entrepreneurs – suppliers of cheap products from establishing successful cooperation with China. International cargo transportation by sea and air continues to increase in turnover and volume. Among the leaders in imports are China, Germany, Russia. The most successful exchange of Ukrainian exports occurs with Poland, China and Russia.
Prospects for the development of transportation in the domestic market
Thanks to the development of economic cooperation with different countries, the business of Ukraine is a customer of transportation by various modes of transport in international traffic. It must be admitted that the fleet of vehicles is becoming obsolete and requires updating the technical base. Among the goods transported by sea, the leaders are the following categories:
- refined products, fuel supplies, oil – $8 billion;
- equipment, machine tools, industrial production lines, boilers, mechanical devices – $6.1 billion;
- Automotive – $5.5 billion
The leaders of domestic exports among goods are raw materials, agricultural products:
- grain — $9.4 billion;
- Initial products for the metallurgical industry – $7.7 billion;
- Vegetable oils or animal fat — $5.8 billion
To reduce the cost, sea or railway transport is used. On the territory of Ukraine, grain, ferrous metals and other goods are transported by freight trains. Tanks are used for fuel, grain is transported in closed vehicles to reduce the influence of the external environment on the properties of the cargo. Cargoes are sent to China in containers – first, they are transported by railway trains across the country, and sea vessels from the port. When sent to Europe, 20-ton trucks are used, which follow to the destination, or trains that follow pre-designed traffic routes.
Raw and agricultural products involve a simple loading and unloading scheme. During such a route, one or two modes of transport are used. Cargo preparation takes place at sites that have been operating on the domestic commodity market for a long time, so there are no issues with the preparation of cargo for shipment. When drawing up a transportation scheme, standard time intervals are included in the transport process and the recipient is notified of the delivery time.
The recipients are regular buyers from Europe who have the necessary technical base to receive the goods in question. The organization of international transportation is not difficult, since the schemes have been operating for more than a dozen years. Employees of Militzer & Muench Ukraine GmbH” optimize any direction – China, Europe, Russia, so that shippers get the maximum profit from the sold goods.